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answered by (340 points)  

The Problem Space Theory in which people try and solve problems by looking at the problem space.

The problem space consists of multiple states being:

  1. Initial or Current State
  2. End or Goal State
  3. All Possible States in between

Actions that we take in order to move into another state are known as Operators. As humans, we take short-cuts known as heuristics in order to solve problems that we do not have any knowledge in. Heuristics also operates within the human processing system which can be applied to solve problems in areas that are well defined.  A common heuristic is "means-end analysis" where an operator is used to shorten the length between the Initial and Goal States. Sub-goals can also be defined in order to make the overall problem easier to execute which a "Divide and Conquer" method could be applied to reach the Goal State faster.

 

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